Create CSR using OpenSSL Without Prompt (Non-Interactive)

In this article you’ll find how to generate CSR (Certificate Signing Request) using OpenSSL from the Linux command line, without being prompted for values which go in the certificate’s subject field.
In the first example, i’ll show how to create both CSR and the new private key in one command.
And in the second example, you’ll find how to generate CSR from the existing key (if you already have the private key and want to keep it).
Both examples show how to create CSR using OpenSSL non-interactively (without being prompted for subject), so you can use them in any shell scripts.

Create CSR and Key Without Prompt using OpenSSL

Use the following command to create a new private key 2048 bits in size example.key and generate CSR example.csr from it :

$ openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout example.key -out example.csr -subj "/C=GB/ST=London/L=London/O=Global Security/OU=IT Department/CN=example.com"
Option Description
openssl req certificate request generating utility
-nodes if a private key is created it will not be encrypted
-newkey creates a new certificate request and a new private key
rsa:2048 generates an RSA key 2048 bits in size
-keyout the filename to write the newly created private key to
-out specifies the output filename
-subj sets certificate subject

Generate CSR From the Existing Key using OpenSSL

Use the following command to generate CSR example.csr from the private key example.key :

$ openssl req -new -key example.key -out example.csr -subj "/C=GB/ST=London/L=London/O=Global Security/OU=IT Department/CN=example.com"
Option Description
openssl req certificate request generating utility
-new generates a new certificate request
-key specifies the file to read the private key from
-out specifies the output filename
-subj sets certificate subject

Automated Non-Interactive CSR Generation

The magic of CSR generation without being prompted for values which go in the certificate’s subject field, is in the -subj option.

-subj arg Replaces subject field of input request with specified data and outputs modified request. The arg must be formatted as /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=…, characters may be escaped by \ (backslash), no spaces are skipped.

The fields, required in CSR are listed below :

Field Meaning Example
/C= Country GB
/ST= State London
/L= Location London
/O= Organization Global Security
/OU= Organizational Unit IT Department
/CN= Common Name example.com

You’ve created encoded file with certificate signing request.